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definitive orbit

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1 definitive orbit

1) Космонавтика: конечная орбита

2) Макаров: окончательная орбита

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > definitive orbit
2 definitive orbit

окончательная орбита

English-russian dictionary of physics > definitive orbit
3 definitive orbit

конечная орбита

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > definitive orbit
4 orbit

орбита; полет по орбите; круг; полет по кругу; двигаться по орбите; лететь по кругу; кружить(ся); выводить на орбиту; барражировать ( над определённой точкой) ; лететь по маршруту ожидания

boost into an orbit — выводить на орбиту (с помощью ракеты-носителя)

fail to achieve orbit — не выходить на орбиту (из-за отказа)

fail to go into orbit — не выходить на орбиту (из-за отказа)

nonrendezvous optimal transfer orbit — ксм. орбита оптимального перехода без встречи

put into an orbit — выводить на орбиту

— absolute orbit

— actual orbit

— apparent orbit

— arrival orbit

— ascent orbit

— auxiliary orbit

— braking orbit

— calculated orbit

— capture orbit

— catch-up orbit

— chaser orbit

— circular orbit

— circumsolar orbit

— circumtellurian orbit

— circumterrestrial orbit

— climbing orbit

— close-by orbit

— closed orbit

— clrcum-earth orbit

— clrcumlunar orbit

— clrcumplanetary orbit

— compatible orbits

— completed orbit

— conic orbit

— control orbit

— coplanar orbits

— datum orbit

— decaying orbit

— definitive orbit

— departure orbit

— descent orbit

— desired orbit

— direct orbit

— disturbed orbit

— docking orbit

— earth orbit

— earth-moon orbit

— eccentric orbit

— ecliptic orbit

— egg-shaped orbit

— ejection orbit

— elliptical orbit

— elongated orbit

— enter an orbit

— equatorial orbit

— equilibrium orbit

— escape orbit

— far-out orbit

— fast catch-up orbit

— ferry orbit

— final orbit

— free-fall orbit

— geocentric orbit

— geostationary orbit

— geosynchronous orbit

— gravitational orbit

— gravity-free orbit

— grazing orbit

— heliocentrical orbit

— high-altitude orbit

— high-apogee orbit

— high-energy orbit

— high-inclination orbit

— highly eccentric orbit

— highly elliptical orbit

— highly inclined orbit

— Hohmann orbit

— hub orbit

— hyperbolic orbit

— ideal orbit

— Inclined orbit

— indefinite orbit

— inertial orbit

— initial orbit

— inner orbit

— intended orbit

— intercept ion orbit

— interceptor orbit

— interim orbit

— intermediate orbit

— interplanetary orbit

— intersecting orbits

— Keplerian orbit

— looping orbit

— low-altitude orbit

— low-altitude-limit orbit

— low-apogee orbit

— low-eccentricity orbit

— low-energy orbit

— low-inclination orbit

— lunar orbit

— matching orbits

— mean orbit

— mechanical orbit

— meridional orbit

— minimum-altitude-variation orbit

— minimum-energy orbit

— moderate-altitude orbit

— near-circular orbit

— near-earth orbit

— near-equatorial orbit

— near-parabolic orbit

— near-polar orbit

— nonaligned orbits

— noncircular orbit

— open orbit

— optimum orbit

— orbit the earth

— original orbit

— osculating orbit

— outermost orbit

— oval orbit

— parabolic orbit

— parking orbit

— periodic orbit

— permanent orbit

— perturbed orbit

— planar orbit

— planetary orbit

— planetocentric orbit

— planned orbit

— polar orbit

— pole-to-pole orbit

— port orbit

— powered orbit

— precalculated orbit

— precomputed orbit

— preliminary orbit

— preprogrammed orbit

— primary orbit

— programed orbit

— quasi-periodic orbit

— random orbit

— rectified orbit

— reference orbit

— relative orbit

— rendezvous orbit

— retrograde orbit

— return orbit

— right orbit

— satellite orbit

— selenocentric orbit

— semi-permanent orbit

— shaft orbit

— space orbit

— spacecraft orbit

— spiral orbit

— stable orbit

— staging orbit

— stationary orbit

— steady-state orbit

— synchronous orbit

— target orbit

— temporary orbit

— tight orbit

— tip-path orbit

— trajectory orbit

— transfer orbit

— true orbit

— twenty-four-hour orbit

— two-body orbit

— two-dimensional orbit

— undisturbed orbit

— variable orbit

— waiting orbit

— zero-altitude orbit

— zero-inclination orbit

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > orbit
5 definitive

dɪˈfɪnɪtɪv
1. прил.
1) окончательный;
решительный;
имеющий решающее значение, решающий;
последний definitive sentence ≈ окончательный приговор definitive answer ≈ окончательный ответ definitive estimate ≈ эк. окончательная смета Syn: decisive, determinative, conclusive, final
2) а) определенный, отличительный, характерный;
фиксированный a definitive orbit of the comet ≈ определенная орбита кометы Some days will probably elapse before we shall be able to announce a definitive result. ≈ Пройдет, возможно, несколько дней, прежде чем мы сможем сообщить определенный результат. Syn: definite;
, fixed and final. б) авторитетный;
(наиболее) полный, точный( об издании литературных произведений) the definitive edition of Goethe's works ≈ академическое издание Гете
3) грам. определяющий;
определительный;
выступающий в функции определения definitive word ≈ определительное слово, определение
4) биол. вполне развитой, дефинитивный
2. сущ.;
грам. определительное слово, определение Syn: a definitive word (грамматика) определяющее слово окончательный;
бесповоротный( о решении) - * answer окончательный ответ полный, точный - * name полное имя - * edition академическое издание - * text of a poem полный /канонический/ текст поэмы отличительный, характерный;
существенный - * distinctions отличительные признаки( грамматика) определяющий;
определительный;
выступающий в функции определения (биология) вполне развитой, дефинитивный - * organs вполне развитые органы definitive биол. вполне развитой, дефинитивный ~ окончательный;
решительный;
безусловный

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > definitive
6 definitive

[dɪ'fɪnɪtɪv] 1. прил.
1) окончательный; решительный; имеющий решающее значение, решающий; последний

definitive sentence — окончательный приговор

definitive answer — окончательный ответ

definitive estimate — эк. окончательная смета

Syn:

decisive, determinative, conclusive, final

2)

а) определённый, отличительный, характерный; фиксированный

a definitive orbit of the comet — определённая орбита кометы

Some days will probably elapse before we shall be able to announce a definitive result. — Пройдёт, возможно, несколько дней, прежде чем мы сможем сообщить определённый результат.

Syn:

definite, fixed and final

б) авторитетный; (наиболее) полный, точный ( об издании литературных произведений)

the definitive edition of Goethe's works — академическое издание Гёте

3) лингв. определяющий; определительный; выступающий в функции определения

definitive word — определительное слово, определение

4) биол. вполне развитой, дефинитивный
2. сущ.; лингв.
определительное слово, определение

Англо-русский современный словарь > definitive
7 Galilei, Galileo

SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

[br]

b. 15 February 1564 Pisa, Italy

d. 8 January 1642 Arcetri, near Florence, Italy

[br]

Italian mathematician, astronomer and physicist who established the principle of the pendulum and was first to exploit the telescope.

[br]

Galileo began studying medicine at the University of Pisa but soon turned to his real interests, mathematics, mechanics and astronomy. He became Professor of Mathematics at Pisa at the age of 25 and three years later moved to Padua. In 1610 he transferred to Florence. While still a student he discovered the isochronous property of the pendulum, probably by timing with his pulse the swings of a hanging lamp during a religious ceremony in Pisa Cathedral. He later designed a pendulum-controlled clock, but it was not constructed until after his death, and then not successfully; the first successful pendulum clock was made by the Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens in 1656. Around 1590 Galileo established the laws of motion of falling bodies, by timing rolling balls down inclined planes and not, as was once widely believed, by dropping different weights from the Leaning Tower of Pisa. These and other observations received definitive treatment in his Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche intorno a due nuove scienzi attenenti alla, meccanica (Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences…) which was completed in 1634 and first printed in 1638. This work also included Galileo's proof that the path of a projectile was a parabola and, most importantly, the development of the concept of inertia.

In astronomy Galileo adopted the Copernican heliocentric theory of the universe while still in his twenties, but he lacked the evidence to promote it publicly. That evidence came with the invention of the telescope by the Dutch brothers Lippershey. Galileo heard of its invention in 1609 and had his own instrument constructed, with a convex object lens and concave eyepiece, a form which came to be known as the Galilean telescope. Galileo was the first to exploit the telescope successfully with a series of striking astronomical discoveries. He was also the first to publish the results of observations with the telescope, in his Sidereus nuncius (Starry Messenger) of 1610. All the discoveries told against the traditional view of the universe inherited from the ancient Greeks, and one in particular, that of the four satellites in orbit around Jupiter, supported the Copernican theory in that it showed that there could be another centre of motion in the universe besides the Earth: if Jupiter, why not the Sun? Galileo now felt confident enough to advocate the theory, but the advance of new ideas was opposed, not for the first or last time, by established opinion, personified in Galileo's time by the ecclesiastical authorities in Rome. Eventually he was forced to renounce the Copernican theory, at least in public, and turn to less contentious subjects such as the "two new sciences" of his last and most important work.

[br]

Bibliography

1610, Sidereus nuncius (Starry Messenger); translation by A.Van Helden, 1989, Sidereus Nuncius, or the Sidereal Messenger; Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

1623, Il Saggiatore (The Assayer).

1632, Dialogo sopre i due massimi sistemi del mondo, tolemaico e copernicano (Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Ptolemaic and Copernican); translation, 1967, Berkeley: University of California Press.

1638, Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche intorno a due nuove scienzi attenenti alla

meccanica (Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences…); translation, 1991, Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books (reprint).

Further Reading

G.de Santillana, 1955, The Crime of Galileo, Chicago: University of Chicago Press; also 1958, London: Heinemann.

H.Stillman Drake, 1980, Galileo, Oxford: Oxford Paperbacks. M.Sharratt, 1994, Galileo: Decisive Innovator, Oxford: Blackwell.

J.Reston, 1994, Galileo: A Life, New York: HarperCollins; also 1994, London: Cassell.

A.Fantoli, 1994, Galileo: For Copemicanism and for the Church, trans. G.V.Coyne, South Bend, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Galilei, Galileo

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